Copyright
No Permission Needed
This section covers works that can be used without requesting permission or relying on a fair use analysis.
These works include:
- Works in the public domain
- Creative Commons licensed content
- Open Education and Open Access Resources
Works in the Public Domain?
Not all creative works are protected by copyright; many belong to the public domain. The public domain refers to works that are free for anyone to use without needing permission, as they are not subject to copyright law. This typically includes works where the copyright has expired, been forfeited, explicitly waived, is inapplicable, or those published by the U.S. federal government.
For help determining when works are likely to enter the public domain please see the Cornell Copyright Term & Public Domain chart.
Public Domain Resources
- Project GutenbergProject Gutenberg offers over 50,000 free ebooks: choose among free epub books, free kindle books, download them or read them online.
- Library of Congress -Free to Use and Reuse SetsThis page features items from the Library's digital collections that are free to use and reuse. The Library believes that this content is either in the public domain, has no known copyright, or has been cleared by the copyright owner for public use.
- Duration of CopyrightCircular 15a from the U.S. Copyright Office
- How Can I Use Copyright-Free Works (in the Public Domain)A useful guide on how to determine whether a work is the public domain.
- The Copyright GenieA tool that assists with determining copyright protection for unpublished works, and for works first published in the U.S. or simultaneously in the U.S. and abroad.
Creative Commons
Creative Commons is a non-profit organization that distributes free, standardized licenses that enables authors to give others permission to share and use their creative work. All Creative Commons licenses require some form of attribution, which requires users to give authors credit for their original work.
CC Licenses
This infographic provides an overview of the various CC licenses and their terms. This work is a CC0 Public Domain Dedication. Access a transcript of the graphic. Visit the Creative Commons website to gain a full understanding of the six primary CC licenses.
Creative Commons Resources
- CC SearchA tool that allows openly licensed and public domain works to be discovered and used by everyone.
- Google ImagesUsing Google's Advanced Image Search, you can filter by various license types under usage rights. Search for "usage rights: not filtered by license" or "usage rights: free to use or share" to find free-to-use images.
- Flick Creative CommonsExplore a variety of images available on Flickr by various creative commons license types.
- Creative Commons License ChooserA resource to assist users with selecting the appropriate Creative Commons license.
- Best practices for attributionA wiki that provides examples of the best forms of attribution.
Open Resources
Your Librarian
Informational Purposes Only
The materials and information on this guide are intended for informational purposes only. CSU Libraries make every effort to assure the accuracy of this information but do not offer it as counsel or legal advice. Please consult the University's Office of the General Counsel or your own attorney for advice concerning your specific situation.